Interesting paper from MIT
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0213918
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0213918
and from the introThe process also led to two important insights: it demonstrated a “dilution effect”, i.e. a negative correlation between weight and desirable chemical species, and it discovered the surprising effect that a 24-hour photoperiod of photosynthetic-active radiation, the equivalent of all-day light, induces the most flavor molecule production in basil.
I haven't followed up on any of the cites.The so-called “dilution effect,” noted since the 1940’s and systematically reviewed since the early 1980’s [1], describes an inverse relationship between yield and nutrient concentration in food: For many nutritionally-important chemical constituents of food plants, such as minerals, protein, and vitamins, an increase in biomass is accompanied by a decrease in nutrient concentration. This effect has been systematically demonstrated in historical nutrient content studies over the last 50–70 years [2,3], as well as in controlled side-by-side trials that have shown a relationship between nutrient dilution and genetics [4], artificial fertilization [5], and elevated carbon dioxide levels related to climate change [6,7].